This Day in History – 10 Av/July 17
10 Av
In 3335/426 B.C.E., Yechezkel Hanavi delivered a nevuah to the Jewish elders and awakened Klal Yisrael to teshuvah.
In 5066/1306, King Phillip IV arrested and deported all the Jews of France.
In 5118/1358, hundreds of Jews of Catalonia (northeast Spain) were murdered.
In 5258/1498, six years after expulsion from Spain, the Jews were expelled from Portugal.
In 5315/1555, the Jews of Rome were forced to move into a ghetto.
Yahrtzeiten
1565/2196 B.C.E., Yissachar, the son of Yaakov Avinu. He had also been born on this day, in 1443/2319 B.C.E.
5268/1508, Harav Don Yitzchak Abarbanel, zt”l, leader of Spain’s Jewry, mechaber of sefer Abarbanel
5528/1768, Harav Masoud Chai Rokeach, zt”l, mechaber of Maaseh Rokeach on the Rambam
5532/1772, Harav Dovid Farkas, zt”l, talmid of the Baal Shem Tov
5760/2000, Harav Shimon Ziat, zt”l, Rav of the Aram Tzova community in Eretz Yisrael
5479/1719
Harav Shmuel Florintin, zt”l, mechaber of Olas Shmuel
Rav Shmuel was the son of Harav David Florintin.
He learned under his grandfather Rav Shmuel, the mechaber of Me’il Shmuel. He was also a talmid of Harav Avraham Gatinyue.
Later he headed his own yeshivah, where he taught many talmidim.
Rav Shmuel produced many sefarim; notable among them is Beis Haroeh, a collection of the works of the poskim on the Shulchan Aruch and commentaries, including some of the chiddushim of Rav Shmuel. This sefer was cherished by Rabbanim and poskim, including many of the Sephardic Gedolim, notably the Chida and Harav Chaim Palagi, as a reliable source for psak halachah.
Among the other sefarim that Rav Shmuel wrote: Minchas Shmuel, a collection of his drashos, and She’eilos U’Teshuvos Olas Shmuel, his halachic responsa.
Rav Shmuel was niftar on
10 Av 5479/1719.
His sons were Rav Dovid and Rav Moshe, and his son-in-law was Harav Avraham Shirano.
Zecher tzaddik livrachah.
July 17
In 1763, American entrepreneur John Jacob Astor was born in Walldorf in present-day Germany.
In 1821, Spain ceded Florida to the United States.
In 1862, during the Civil War, Congress approved the Second Confiscation Act, which declared that all slaves taking refuge behind Union lines were to be set free.
In 1918, Russia’s Czar Nicholas II and his family were executed by the Bolsheviks.
In 1936, the Spanish Civil War began as right-wing army generals launched a coup attempt against the Second Spanish Republic.
In 1938, aviator Douglas Corrigan took off from New York, saying he was headed for California; he ended up in Ireland, supposedly by accident, earning the nickname “Wrong Way Corrigan.”
In 1944, during World War II, 320 men were killed when a pair of ammunition ships exploded at the Port Chicago Naval Magazine in California.
In 1955, Disneyland had its opening day in Anaheim, Calif.
In 1962, the United States conducted its last atmospheric nuclear test to date, detonating a 20-kiloton device, code-named Little Feller I, at the Nevada Test Site.
In 1975, an Apollo spaceship docked with a Soyuz spacecraft in orbit in the first superpower link-up of its kind.
In 1996, TWA Flight 800, a Europe-bound Boeing 747, exploded and crashed off Long Island, N.Y., shortly after leaving John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 230 people aboard.
In 1998, Nicholas II, last of the Romanov czars, was formally buried in Russia, 80 years after he and his family were slain by the Bolsheviks.
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